Language Cheat Sheets

Essential Phrases for Travelers

Learning a few key phrases can significantly improve your travel experience and show respect for the local culture. Below is a categorized list of high-utility expressions.

Essential Social Basics

These phrases are used daily to establish goodwill and polite interaction.

• Hello / Good morning / Good evening: Standard greetings.
• Please & Thank you: Basic politeness for every interaction.
• Excuse me: Useful for getting attention or navigating through crowds.
• I’m sorry: To apologize for mistakes or misunderstandings.
• Yes / No: Fundamental for quick confirmation.

Navigation & Practicalities

Crucial for finding your way when technology or maps fail.

• Where is the bathroom? One of the most frequently asked questions.
• Where is [Location]? For landmarks, hotels, or transit stations.
• How much does this cost? Essential for shopping and markets.
• I would like [Item/Service], please: A polite way to order.
• The bill, please: Used at the end of a meal.

Communication Support

Phrases to use when your vocabulary is limited.

• Do you speak English? Usually more polite to ask this in the local language first.
• I don't understand: Immediately clears up confusion.
• Can you speak more slowly? Helps you catch familiar words.
• How do you say [Word] in [Language]? A great way to learn as you go.

Health & Emergencies

Vital for safety and urgent situations.

• Help! The most important phrase in a crisis.
• I need a doctor / Call an ambulance: For medical emergencies.
• I am allergic to [Substance]: Critical for dining out safely.
• Where is the hospital? To find urgent care quickly.

Language Tools

For further preparation, consider these resources: [translate.google.com Google Translate] – For instant translation and pronunciation help. [www.duolingo.com Duolingo] – For gamified phrase practice before your trip.

Essential Phrase Translations

English Phrase	Mandarin (Pinyin)	Spanish	Hindi	Arabic	Portuguese	Bengali	Japanese	German	Hausa	Swahili
Essential Social Basics
Hello / Good morning	你好 (Nǐ hǎo)	Hola / Buenos días	नमस्ते (Namaste)	مرحبا (Marhaba)	Olá / Bom dia	হ্যালো (Hello)	こんにちは (Konnichiwa)	Hallo / Guten Morgen	Sannu	Jambo / Habari
Please & Thank you	请 & 谢谢 (Qǐng & Xièxiè)	Por favor & Gracias	कृपया & धन्यवाद (Kripya & Dhanyavaad)	من فضلك & شكرا (Min fadlak & Shukran)	Por favor & Obrigado/a	দয়া করে & ধন্যবাদ (Doya kore & Dhanyabad)	お願いします & ありがとう (Onegaishimasu & Arigatō)	Bitte & Danke	Don Allah & Na gode	Tafadhali & Asante
Excuse me	不好意思 (Bù hǎoyìsi)	Disculpe / Perdón	क्षमा कीजिए (Kshama kijiye)	المعذرة (Al-ma'dhira)	Com licença	মাফ করবেন (Maph korben)	すみません (Sumimasen)	Entschuldigung	Gafara dai	Samahani
I’m sorry	对不起 (Duìbùqǐ)	Lo siento	मुझे खेद है (Mujhe khed hai)	أنا آسف (Ana aasif)	Desculpe / Sinto muito	আমি দুঃখিত (Ami dukkhito)	ごめんなさい (Gomennasai)	Es tut mir leid	Yi hakuri	Pole
Yes / No	是 / 不是 (Shì / Búshì)	Sí / No	हाँ / नहीं (Haan / Nahi)	نعم / لا (Na'am / La)	Sim / Não	হ্যাঁ / না (Hyan / Na)	はい / いいえ (Hai / Iie)	Ja / Nein	Eh / A'a	Ndiyo / Hapana
Navigation & Practicalities
Where is the bathroom?	洗手间在哪里? (Xǐshǒujiān zài nǎlǐ?)	¿Dónde está el baño?	शौचालय कहाँ है? (Shauchalay kahan hai?)	أين الحمام؟ (Ayna al-hammam?)	Onde fica o banheiro?	বাথরুম কোথায়? (Bathroom kothay?)	トイレはどこですか (Toire wa doko desuka?)	Wo ist die Toilette?	Ina banɗaki yake?	Choo kiko wapi?
Where is [Location]?	[地点]在哪里? ([Location] zài nǎlǐ?)	¿Dónde está [Lugar]?	[जगह] कहाँ है? ([Jagah] kahan hai?)	أين يقع [المكان]؟ (Ayna yaqa'a [al-makan]?)	Onde fica [Local]?	[জায়গা] কোথায়? ([Jayga] kothay?)	[場所]はどこですか ([Basho] wa doko desuka?)	Wo ist [Ort]?	Ina [Wuri] yake?	[Mahali] ni wapi?
How much does this cost?	这个多少钱? (Zhège duōshǎo qián?)	¿Cuánto cuesta esto?	यह कितने का है? (Yeh kitne ka hai?)	كم سعر هذا؟ (Kam si'r hadha?)	Quanto custa isto?	এটার দাম কত? (Etar dam koto?)	これはいくらですか (Kore wa ikura desuka?)	Was kostet das?	Nawa ne kudin wannan?	Hii ni bei gani?
I would like [Item], please	我想要[物品] (Wǒ xiǎng yào [wùpǐn])	Quisiera [Artículo], por favor	मुझे [चीज] चाहिए (Mujhe [cheez] chahiye)	أريد [الشيء] من فضلك (Ureedu [ash-shai] min fadlak)	Eu gostaria de [Item], por favor	আমি [জিনিস] চাই (Ami [jinish] chai)	[物品]をください ([Buppin] o kudasai)	Ich hätte gerne [Sache]	Ina son [Ahu]	Naomba [Kitu]
The bill, please	请买单 (Qǐng mǎidān)	La cuenta, por favor	बिल, कृपया (Bill, kripya)	الحساب من فضلك (Al-hisab min fadlak)	A conta, por favor	বিলটা দিন (Bil-ta din)	お勘定をお願いします (O-kanjō o onegaishimasu)	Die Rechnung, bitte	Ina son lissafi	Naomba bili
Communication Support
Do you speak English?	你会说英语吗? (Nǐ huì shuō Yīngyǔ ma?)	¿Habla inglés?	क्या आप अंग्रेज़ी बोलते हैं? (Kya aap Angrezi bolte hain?)	هل تتحدث الإنجليزية؟ (Hal tatahaddath al-injliziya?)	Você fala inglês?	আপনি কি ইংরেজি বলেন? (Apni ki Ingreji bolen?)	英語を話せますか (Eigo o hanasemasuka?)	Sprechen Sie Englisch?	Kana jin Turanci?	Unasema Kiingereza?
I don't understand	我不明白 (Wǒ bù míngbái)	No entiendo	मुझे समझ नहीं आया (Mujhe samajh nahi aaya)	لا أفهم (La afham)	Não entendo	আমি বুঝতে পারছি না (Ami bujh-te parchi na)	わかりません (Wakarimasen)	Ich verstehe nicht	Ban gane ba	Sielewi
Can you speak more slowly?	请慢点说 (Qǐng màn diǎn shuō)	¿Puede hablar más despacio?	क्या आप थोड़ा धीरे बोल सकते हैं? (Kya aap dheere bol sakte hain?)	هل يمكنك التحدث ببطء أكثر؟ (Hal yumkinuka al-tahadduth bibut' akthar?)	Pode falar mais devagar?	আপনি কি একটু ধীরে বলবেন? (Apni ki ektu dhire bolben?)	もっとゆっくり話して (Motto yukkuri hanashite)	Können Sie langsamer sprechen?	Ko za ka iya yin magana a hankali?	Unaweza kusema polepole?
How do you say [Word] in [Lang]?	[词]用[语言]怎么说? ([Cí] yòng [yǔyán] zěnme shuō?)	¿Cómo se dice [Palabra] en [Idioma]?	[भाषा] में [शब्द] कैसे कहते हैं? ([Bhasha] mein [shabd] kaise kehte hain?)	كيف تقول [كلمة] بـ [اللغة]؟ (Kayfa taqul [kalima] bi [al-lugha]?)	Como se diz [Palavra] em [Idioma]?	[ভাষা] তে [শব্দ] কি ভাবে বলে? ([Bhasha] te [shobdo] ki bhabe bole?)	[言語]で[言葉]は何ですか ([Gengo] de [kotoba] wa nan desuka?)	Wie sagt man [Wort] auf [Sprache]?	Yaya ake cewa [Kalma] a [Harshe]?	Unasemaje [Neno] kwa [Lugha]?
Health & Emergencies
Help!	救命! (Jiùmìng!)	¡Ayuda!	मदद! (Madad!)	النجدة! (Al-najda!)	Ajuda! / Socorro!	বাঁচাও! (Bachao!)	助けて! (Tasukete!)	Hilfe!	Taimako!	Saidia!
I need a doctor	我需要医生 (Wǒ xūyào yīshēng)	Necesito un médico	मुझे डॉक्टर की ज़रूरत है (Mujhe doctor ki zaroorat hai)	أحتاج إلى طبيب (Ahtaj ila tabeeb)	Preciso de um médico	আমার ডাক্তার দরকার (Amar daktar dorkar)	医者が必要です (Isha ga hitsuyō desu)	Ich brauche einen Arzt	Ina bukatar likita	Nahitaji daktari
I am allergic to [Substance]	我对[物质]过敏 (Wǒ duì [wùzhí] guòmǐn)	Soy alérgico/a a [Sustancia]	मुझे [चीज़] से एलर्जी है (Mujhe [cheez] se allergy hai)	لدي حساسية من [المادة] (Ladaiya hassasiya min [al-mada])	Sou alérgico/a a [Substância]	আমার [জিনিস] এ অ্যালার্জি আছে (Amar [jinish] e allergy ache)	[物質]アレルギーがあります ([Busshitsu] arerugī ga arimasu)	Ich bin allergisch gegen [Stoff]	Ina da rashin lafiyan [Abubuwa]	Nina mzio wa [Kitu]
Where is the hospital?	医院在哪里? (Yīyuàn zài nǎlǐ?)	¿Dónde está el hospital?	अस्पताल कहाँ है? (Aspatal kahan hai?)	أين المستشفى؟ (Ayna al-mustashfa?)	Onde fica o hospital?	হাসপাতাল কোথায়? (Hospital kothay?)	病院はどこですか (Byōin wa doko desuka?)	Wo ist das Krankenhaus?	Ina asibiti yake?	Hospitali iko wapi?

The Universal Language Cheat Sheet

No matter where you are in the world, having these 20-30 words and phrases memorized (or on a printed card) changes how locals perceive you. It shifts your status from "Tourist" to "Guest."

The Template

Copy this list into your notes for every new border you cross:

• Greetings: Hello, Goodbye, Good Morning/Night.
• The "Polite" Trio: Please, Thank You, Excuse Me.
• Necessities: Water, Food, Toilet, Fuel, Bed.
• Directions: Left, Right, Straight, Map, Stop.
• Numbers: 1 through 10 (Essential for markets).
• Emergency: Help, Doctor, Hospital, Police, Mechanic, "I am lost."

Regional Examples for Overlanders

1. West/Central Africa: French (Français)

Essential for crossing the Sahara and through much of West Africa.

• Hello: Bonjour
• Thank you (very much): Merci (beaucoup)
• Where is the...?: Où est le...?
• Water: L'eau
• Help: Au secours !
• How much?: C'est combien ?

2. East Africa: Swahili (Kiswahili)

The lingua franca of the Great Lakes region and East African coast.

• Hello / How are you?: Jambo / Habari gani?
• No problem: Hakuna Matata
• Thank you: Asante
• Slowly (A key overlanding phrase!): Pole pole
• Where is the road to...?: Njia ya kwenda... iko wapi?
• I need a mechanic: Nahitaji fundi wa gari

3. Southern Africa: Afrikaans

Widely understood in South Africa and Namibia, particularly by mechanics and farmers.

• Hello: Hallo
• Thank you: Dankie
• Good luck: Voorspoed
• Where is the...?: Waar is die...?
• Road: Pad
• Fuel / Petrol: Brandstof / Petrol

4. Eastern Europe: Russian (Русский)

Still highly useful for overlanders in the Balkans, Caucasus, and Central Asia.

• Hello: Zdravstvuyte (Zdras-vuy-tye)
• Thank you: Spasibo (Spa-si-ba)
• Yes / No: Da / Nyet
• I don't understand: Ya ne ponimayu
• Straight ahead: Pryamo

Pro-Tips for Language on the Road

• The "Pantomime" Rule: If you forget the word, act it out. A "drinking" motion is universal for water; a "wrench turning" motion is universal for a mechanic.
• Written Destination: Always have your destination written down in the local script on a piece of paper. This is more reliable than your pronunciation when asking for directions.
• Google Translate Offline: Download the "Offline Language Pack" for your destination country before you leave WiFi. Use the "Conversation Mode" for complex issues like mechanical repairs or medical symptoms.

Global Language Quick-Reference

These ten languages cover the vast majority of the world's overland routes. Use this table to fill out your physical cheat sheet before crossing borders.

Language	Greetings	Polite Trio	Necessities	Directions	Numbers (0-9)	Emergency
Mandarin	Nǐ hǎo / Zàijiàn	Qǐng / Xièxiè / Duìbuqǐ	Shuǐ / Shíwù / Cèsuǒ / Ránliào	Zuǒ / Yòu / Zhí / Map	Líng, Yī, Èr, Sān, Sì, Wǔ, Liù, Qī, Bā, Jiǔ	Jiùmìng! / Yīshēng / Jǐngchá
Spanish	Hola / Adiós	Por favor / Gracias / Perdón	Agua / Comida / Baño / Combustible	Izquierda / Derecha / Recto / Mapa	Cero, Uno, Dos, Tres, Cuatro, Cinco, Seis, Siete, Ocho, Nueve	¡Ayuda! / Médico / Policía / Mecánico
Hindi	Namaste / Alvida	Kripya / Dhanyavad / Kshama kijiye	Paanee / Khaana / Toilet / Fuel	Baayen / Daayen / Seedha / Naksha	Shoonya, Ek, Do, Teen, Chaar, Paanch, Chhay, Saath, Aath, Nau	Bachao! / Doctor / Police / Mistri
Arabic	Marhaba / Ma’asalaama	Min fadlak / Shukran / Afwan	Maa’ / Ta’am / Hamman / Waqood	Yasar / Yamin / Dughri / Kharita	Sifr, Wahid, Ithnan, Thalatha, Arba'a, Khamsa, Sitta, Sab'a, Thamaniya, Tis'a	Sa’iduni! / Tabeeb / Shorta
Portuguese	Olá / Adeus	Por favor / Obrigado / Com licença	Água / Comida / Banheiro / Combustível	Esquerda / Direita / Direto / Mapa	Zero, Um, Dois, Três, Quatro, Cinco, Seis, Siete, Oito, Nove	Ajuda! / Médico / Polícia / Mecânico
Bengali	Namaskar / Biday	Dayakore / Dhanyabad / Maf korben	Jol / Khabar / Toilet / Fuel	Baam / Daan / Shoja / Map	Shunn-o, Ek, Dui, Tin, Char, Pach, Chhoy, Sat, At, Noy	Bachao! / Daktar / Police
Japanese	Konnichiwa / Sayonara	Onegaishimasu / Arigato / Sumimasen	Mizu / Tabemono / Toire / Nenryo	Hidari / Migi / Massugu / Chizu	Zero, Ichi, Ni, San, Yon, Go, Roku, Nana, Hachi, Kyu	Tasukete! / Isha / Keisatsu
German	Hallo / Tschüss	Bitte / Danke / Entschuldigung	Wasser / Essen / Toilette / Kraftstoff	Links / Rechts / Geradeaus / Karte	Null, Eins, Zwei, Drei, Vier, Fünf, Sechs, Sieben, Acht, Neun	Hilfe! / Arzt / Polizei / Mechaniker
Hausa	Sannu / Sai an jima	Don Allah / Na gode / Gafara dai	Ruwa / Abinci / Bayan gida / Mai	Hagu / Dama / Mike / Taswira	Sifiri, Daya, Biyu, Uku, Hudu, Biyar, Shidda, Bakwai, Takwas, Tara	Taimaka! / Likita / Yan sanda
Swahili	Jambo / Kwaheri	Tafadhali / Asante / Samahani	Maji / Chakula / Chooni / Mafuta	Kushoto / Kulia / Moja kwa moja	Sufuri, Moja, Mbili, Tatu, Nne, Tano, Sita, Saba, Nane, Tisa	Saidia! / Daktari / Polisi / Fundi

Integration Tips for your Wiki

• Phonetic Spelling: These are simplified phonetics for English speakers. Encourage your users to add a "Pronunciation" column if they are fluent in a specific dialect.
• Hand Signals: Remind travelers that while numbers 0-5 are mostly universal with fingers, 6-10 vary wildly by culture (e.g., in parts of China, 6-10 are shown with one hand using specific gestures).
• The "Lost" Phrase:
  • Spanish: Estoy perdido.
  • Swahili: Nimepotea.
  • Hausa: Na bace.

Using This Table on the Road

• Phonetic Tip: In Mandarin and Hindi, the emphasis and tone are vital. If someone doesn't understand your spoken word, point to the word in this table.
• The "I am lost" phrase:
  • Spanish: Estoy perdido.
  • Arabic: Ana ta'ih.
  • German: Ich habe mich verlaufen.
  • Japanese: Michi ni mayoimashita.
• Numbers 6-10: For most markets, you can use your fingers for 6-10, but learning 1-5 allows you to handle the majority of basic price negotiations and quantities.